Indications
- Laceration repair
- Dislocation/fracture reduction
- Pain control for traumatic injury
- Paronychia
- Felon
- Nail trephination or removal
Contraindications
- Infection overlying injection site
- Allergy to local anesthetic
Equipment
- 5-10cc of local anesthetic of choice
- 27G needle
- Cleansing solution
Technique
Approach #1 (Traditional)
- Cleanse skin at proximal, dorsal aspect of the digit to be anesthetized, including web space
- Introduce the needle at the base of the digit near the MCP joint, lateral to the midline of the digit.
- Advance the needle around the bone towards the ventral side of the digit – stop if skin tenting is noted
- Inject ~1mL of anesthetic to block ventral digital nerve
- As needle is withdrawn, inject additional ~1mL of anesthetic to block dorsal digital nerve
- Repeat on opposite side of digit
Approach #2 (Transthecal)
- With hand supinated, locate flexor tendon of finger to be anesthetized
- Cleanse skin over the distal palmar crease and proximal digital crease
- Insert needle at 90° to the skin at the proximal digital crease
- Advance until needle hits bone, then withdraw 2-3mm
- Redirect needle 45 degrees to the skin with needle pointing distally (towards finger tip)
- Slowly inject anesthetic – initially no resistance, progressive resistance felt as tendon sheath fills (~1.5-3mL)